Analysis of mental health status of Hainan residents / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To understand the mental health literacy level of residents in Hainan Province, and to provide evidence for promoting mental health promotion and improving the mental health literacy level of residents. Methods Multi-stage random sampling method was used to investigate The National Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire among 6 895 residents in 12 districts including Changjiang, Chengmai, Dongfang, Ledong, Lingshui, Haikou Longhua District, Haikou Meilan District, Qionghai, Sanya, Tunchang, Wenchang and Wuzhishan. Results　In the survey 6 895 residents in 12 counties, cities, districts of Hainan Province, 365 of them reached the standard of mental health with the standard rate of 5.3%. The mental health knowledge score was (54.00±17.02) with the standard rate of 7.7%; the self-assessment score was (26.11±3.99) with the standard rate of 75.9%; the score of mental health skill was (26.22±7.25) with the standard rate of 44.8%. The mental health literacy level of medical workers was the highest, with the standard rate of 13.5% (112/830), and the mental health literacy level of farmers was the lowest, with the standard rate of 0.8% (13/1 647). The results of unconditional Logistic regression showed that the factors entering the regression model included educational background (OR=2.268), personal monthly income (OR=1.129), gender (OR=1.302), household registration (OR=0.776), and whether they had participated in mental health related courses OR training (OR=0.511). The higher the educational background and personal monthly income, the higher the psychological quality. The mental health of women was higher than that of men, and that of urban was higher than that of rural, and those who had participated in mental health related courses were higher than those who had not. Conclusions The mental health literacy level of Hainan residents is at a low level, and the influencing factors are multifaceted. It is suggested to strengthen the mental health monitoring comprehensively and carry out rich health education service mode for different groups.

Factor analysis on serum biomarkers in patients with stage Ⅰ silicosis / 中国职业医学

@#Objective ， To investigate the role of serum chemokines and oxidative and antioxidant biomarkers in occupational （ silicosis） Methods silicosis hereinafter referred to as . A total of 58 patients with stage Ⅰ silicosis were selected as the - （ ）， research subjects using convenient sampling method. The serum levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 Nrf2 -（ - ） - （ - - ） - heme oxygenase 1 HO 1 and 8 isoprstaglandin F2α 8 iso PGF2α were determined by enzyme linked immunesorbent assay. （ ） （ - ） The serum levels of lipid peroxide LPO and total antioxidant capacity TAOC were determined by chemistry colorimetric method. - - （ - ）， Luminex flow fluorescence technology was used to detect the serum levels of interferon γ inducible protein10 IP10 macrophage （ ）- ， - - （ ） inflammatory protein MIP 1α MIP1β and macrophagederived chemokine MDC . The above indicators were analyzed by factor Results - analysis. The information extraction rate of the original indicators of the nine biomarkers was 58.5%96.5%. Four common ， ， （ ） ， factors were extracted including Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway helper T cell Th 1 dominant chemotaxis the total ， ， ， ， ， oxidation/antioxidant balance and Th2 dominant chemotaxis whose variance contribution rates were 32.2% 19.1% 16.4% ， ， Conclusion - and 11.8% respectively and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 79.5%. Both the oxidant antioxidant ， disturbance and the dominance chemotaxis are involved in the occurrence and development of silicosis and the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway plays the most critical role.

Demethylzeylasteral (T-96) initiates extrinsic apoptosis against prostate cancer cells by inducing ROS-mediated ER stress and suppressing autophagic flux

BACKGROUND: Demethylzeylasteral (T-96) is a pharmacologically active triterpenoid monomer extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF) that has been reported to exhibit anti-neoplastic effects against several types of cancer cells. However, the potential anti-tumour effects of T-96 against human Prostate cancer (CaP) cells and the possible underlying mechanisms have not been well studied. RESULTS: In the current study, T-96 exerted significant cytotoxicity to CaP cells in vitro and induced cell cycle arrest at S-phase in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, T-96 promoted the initiation of autophagy but inhibited autophagic flux by inducing ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress which subsequently activated the extrinsic apoptosis pathway in CaP cells. These findings implied that T-96-induced ER stress activated the caspase-dependent apoptosis pathway to inhibit proliferation of CaP cells. Moreover, we observed that T-96 enhances the sensitivity of CaP cells to the chemotherapeutic drug, cisplatin. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data demonstrated that T-96 is a novel modulator of ER stress and autophagy, and has potential therapeutic applications against CaP in the clinic.

Expression of CD56 in Multiple Myeloma Cells and Its Relationship with Extramedullary Disease and Extramedullary Relapse / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of CD56 in multiple myeloma (MM) cells and its relationship between extramedullary disease and extramedullary relapse.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 99 patients with MM treated in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into positive group and negative group according to the expression of CD56. The relationship between CD56 and multiple myeloma extramedullary disease, extramedullary relapse was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 99 newly diagnosed patients with MM, the positive rate of CD56 was 65%, and the incidence of extramedullary disease of patients in the CD56 positive group was lower than that in the CD56 negative group (17.19% vs 48.57%) (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the incidence of extramedullary relapse of patients in the CD56 positive group was lower than that in the CD56 negative group (1.56% vs 34.29%) (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#CD56 is highly expressed in MM, and its low expression is associated with the occurrence of extramedullary disease and extramedullary relapse, which suggests that CD56 may be an important indicator for predicting the occurrence of extramedullary disease and extramedullary relapse.

Primary Study on Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in NCG Mice from Qinba Mushroom / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#The present study was to evaluate the anti-tumor effects of acidic RNA protein complex (FA-2-b-β) extracted from the wild edible Qinba mushroom in inducing of apoptosis and immunoregulation of tumor cell.@*METHODS@#Cell proliferation inducing rate of FA-2-b-β to K562 cell was measured using CCK-8. Apoptosis rate was detected by using flow cytometry. Chronic myeloid leukemia model was developed by tail vein injection/subcutaneous inoculation of K562 cells in NCG mice. The tumor burden of mice was observed. The general condition of the mice was monitored twice daily. The peripherivcal full blood counts of mice was tested daily. RT-qPCR and Western blot was FA-2-b-β performed to determine involvement of apoptotic-related gene and protenin, Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry was used to detected the expression of CD3, CD4 and CD8.@*RESULTS@#The proliferation and apoptosis of K562 cell could be inhibitied and induced by FA-2-b-β, there was 100% successful in the tumor formation in vivo, after treated by drug for 21 days there were significantly increased peripheral leucocytes, but decreased hemoglobin of mice treated by FA-2-b-β as compared with those in control group. The CD3, CD4 and CD8 showed positive in mice, and the propotation was imbalance, but it showed reserved after treated by FA-2-b-β.@*CONCLUSION@#FA-2-b-β is strong anti-leukemia effect in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the traditional Chinese medicine maybe contribute to the anti-cancer and immunoregulation research.

Analysis on Related Factors of Pulmonary Infection in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the risk factors, distribution of pathogenic strains and tolerance of pulmonary infection in patients with multiple myeloma(MM) during bortezomib chemotherapy.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 85 patients with multiple myeloma treated by bortezomib in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2019 was analyzed. The patients were divided into infection group and control group according to whether they were infected. The tolerance, pathogen distribution, and related risk factors were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Pulmonary infection rate was 55.29% in 85 MM patients. The proportions of the patients with anemia, neutropenia, and ECOG score ≥2 points in the infection group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In this study, 30 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, with gram-negative bacteria accounting for 60%, gram-positive bacteria for 33.33%, fungi for 3.3% and tuberculosis bacteria for 3.3%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus accounted showed the highest proportion. Most of MM patients with pulmonary infection showed a heterprognosis after two weeks antibiotic treatment, while 3 patients died. About 30 percent of early deaths were due to pulmonary infections.@*CONCLUSION@#Anemia, neutropenia, ECOG score ≥2 points are the major clinical characteristics of the multiple myeloma patients with pulmonary infections. Pulmonary infection is an important cause of early death in patients with multiple myeloma. Pathogenic bacteria are mainly composed of gram-negative bacteria. Beta-lacta/ beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations or Carbapenems are effective empiric treatment for controlling the progression of pulmonary infection.

Value of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio and Monocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio in the Prognosis of Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) in the valuation prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 82 patients with initially diagnosed MM admitted to Gansu Provincial People's Hospital was analyzed retrospectively. NLR and MLR were calculated based on blood routine results respectively. The optimal cut-off point of NLR and MLR was determined according to the ROC curve, and the patients were divided into the high NLR/MLR group and the low NLR/MLR group. The general data, biochemical indicators and prognosis of the patients in each groups were compared respectively. The prognostic significance of the high NLR/MLR group and the low NLR/MLR group in patients between different treatment regimens and different clinical characteristics were analyzed. Risk stratification was designed based on NLR and high MLR as two risk factors, and the effect of risk factors, on the prognosis of MM patients were compared.@*RESULTS@#ROC curve analysis determined that the optimal cut-off point of NLR was 3.1 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 70.7%) and the optimal cut-off point of MLR was 0.34 (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 53.4%). The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were correlated to NLR and MLR (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in age, sex, serum calcium (Ca), β @*CONCLUSION@#Elevated NLR and MLR are associated with poor prognosis in MM patients and may serve as the cost-effective and readily available prognostic biomarkers.

Analysis of Risk Factors of Herpes Zoster in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Bortezomib / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore and analyze the risk factors of herpes zoster in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) during the chemotherapy with bortezomib.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 85 MM patients treated with bontizomib from January 2015 to January 2019 were selected and divided into case group and control group accroding to the occurred of herpes zoster. The clinical characteristic, treatment outcome and related factor of herpes zoster were retrospective analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Twenty of the 85 patients with MM treated with bortezomib developed herpes zoster occurred (23.5%). Single-factor analysis showed that age≥65 years, lymphocytopenia occurred before treatment, neutropenia occurred before treatment, ECOG score≥2, application of cyclophosphamide, absence of preventive antiviral therapy were associated with the genesis of herpes zoster (P＜0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymphocytopenia occurred before treatment, the application of cyclophosphamide and the absence of preventive antiviral therapy were the independent risk factors for herpes zoster (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The incidence of herpes zoster is high in the multiple myeloma patients treated with bortezomib. Lymphocytopenia occurred before treatment, the application of cyclophosphamide, and the absence of prophylactic antiviral therapy are the important risk factors for herpes zoster, for which the clinicians should attach great importance.

Passive smoking exposure and related risk awareness among adults in Zhengzhou / 预防医学

Objective @#To learn the passive smoking exposure and hazard awareness among the residents aged 18 years and over in Zhengzhou,so as to provide evidence for tobacco control. @*Methods@#By multi-stage stratified and clustered sampling method,the residents aged 18 years and over in Zhengzhou were selected. From June to October in 2018,a questionnaire for risk factors of non-communicable diseases,designed by Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,was used to collect their passive smoking exposure and hazard awareness and then analyzed.@*Results @#A total of 6 793 questionnaires were qualified in 6 809 questionnaires and the effective rate was 99.77%. Among 5 387 non-smokers,2 131 people were exposed to passive smoking,and the crude and standardized rate was 39.56% and 40.14%. The standardized rate of passive smoking exposure was higher in men than in women（42.44% vs. 38.67%,P<0.05）,in rural residents than in urban residents（43.90% vs. 36.62%,P<0.05）,and it decreased with the age increase（P<0.05）. The standardized rate of passive smoking exposure in family,indoor workplace and indoor public place was 30.99%,36.99% and 68.02%,respectively. The standardized awareness rate of “passive smoking exposure may lead to heart disease,lung disease in children and lung cancer in adults” was 56.63%,which was higher in urban rural residents than in rural residents（75.69% vs. 36.33%,P<0.05）. @*Conclusions@#The passive smoking exposure rate was high in Zhengzhou,especially in indoor public places. The awareness of the hazards of passive smoking exposure was scarce, especially in rural residents.

Effect of acid etching of retropreparation cavities on seal of retrofill materials / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of acid etching of retropreps on seal of different retrofill materials.@*METHODS@#In the study, 80 freshly extracted lower molar teeth were used. They were examined under 3.5× magnifying glass to rull out fractures. They were cleaned and stored in distilled water before use. The distal roots were sectioned off and underwent root canal treatment. Rotary nickel-titanium instruments were used during instrumentation and the roots were obturated using lateral condensation technique. The apical portion (3 mm in length) was removed with a fine grit diamond bur, the root tip was retroprepared with a ultrasonic tip (3 mm in depth). The retroprepared roots were randomly assigned to 4 groups and retrofilled with amalgam, intermediate restorative material (IRM), iRoot BP Plus and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The groups were further divided into subgroups according to treatment of the root end cavity (etch and non-etch). The root tips were covered with alginate impression material and were left to set in PBS solution for a week and stained with methylene blue for a week. The roots were removed from the dye solution, thoroughly rinsed and dried, split in halves along the long axis with a diamond disk and observed under a stereoscope. The linear dye leakage was measured and analyzed. One way ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 method were used to analyze the data. The significance level was set at 0.05.@*RESULTS@#The dye leakage results (mean±standard deviation) according to the treatment groups were: amalgam etch (2.80±0.72) mm, amalgam non-etch (2.07±0.86) mm, IRM etch (1.54±0.19) mm, IRM non-etch (1.12±0.28) mm , iRoot BP Plus etch (0.20±0.20) mm, iRoot BP Plus non-etch (0.11±0.08) mm, MTA etch (0.19±0.19) mm, and MTA non-etch (0.17±0.14) mm. One way ANOVA showed significant differences between the groups. Comparison between the groups using Tamhane's T2 method showed roots retrofilled with iRoot BP Plus and MTA had significant less leakage than those retrofilled with amalgam and IRM (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in terms of leakage between iRoot BP Plus and MTA; Acid etching increased leakage of IRM but did not affect MTA, iRoot BP Plus or amalgam retrofillings.@*CONCLUSION@#Acid etching is not shown to benefit apical sealing of retrofill materials.

Role of preoperative washout fluid thyroglobulin from fine-needle aspirates in detecting lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma and its influential factors / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value and influential factors of washout fluid thyroglobulin collected during fine-needle aspiration (FNA-Tg) in detecting lymph node metastases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) before thyroidectomy. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 131 patients diagnosed with PTC based on histopathology. They presented with suspicious enlarged cervi-cal lymph nodes and underwent high-frequency ultrasound-guided FNA before the surgery. FNA and FNA-Tg were performed simulta-neously. All the related data were collected. In order to obtain the best cut-off value, the FNA-Tg receiver-operating characteristic curve was generated. The cytopathology and postoperative pathologic results, as well as the ultrasound images during the follow-up, were considered the gold standard. The diagnostic performance of each method (FNA, FNA-Tg, and FNA+FNA-Tg) were compared. Ad-ditionally, some suspicious influential factors such as the anatomical location of lymph nodes and associated laboratory indexes were also analyzed for the diagnostic accuracy of FNA-Tg. Results: The best cut-off value of FNA-Tg in our study was 1.295 ng/mL. The diag-nostic performance of the combined method was the best when compared with other methods, with a sensitivity of 96.4% and speci-ficity of 99.2%. Additionally, FNA-Tg was much more accurate when used in diagnosis of lateral cervical lymph nodes. Among all the as-sociated laboratory indexes, the level of serum Tg (sTg) was an independent predictive factor for an FNA-Tg level above 1.295 ng/mL (odds ratio=1.018). Conclusions: FNA-Tg is a useful tool in the identification of metastatic cervical lymph nodes preoperatively, espe-cially for lateral cervical lymph nodes. In addition, 1.295 ng/mL could be one of the reference standards of the FNA-Tg cut-off value. When the sTg level is high, we should interpret the FNA-Tg results cautiously.

Influence of nifedipine combined metoprolol on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive patients with coronary heart disease / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To study influence of nifedipine combined metoprolol sustained release tablets on blood pressure and heart rate in hypertensive patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 120 hypertensive patients with CHD were selected,randomly and equally divided into nifedipine group (n＝60,received nifedipine monotherapy) and combined treatment group (n＝60,received nifedipine combined metoprolol ),both groups were treated for 12 weeks.Blood pressure,heart rate and indexes of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured and compared between two groups.Results:Compared with before treatment,after treatment,there were significant reductions in 24h mean heart rate (24h HR AV) and mean arterial pressure (MAP),P＝0.001 both,and significant rise in standard deviation of normal to normal RR intervals calculated over the 24h period (SDNN),standard devia-tion of normal to normal RR intervals in all 5min segments of the entire recording (SDANN),root-mean square of differences between successive normal to normal intervals (rMSSD) and adjacent normal RR interval difference ＞50ms stroke accounted for a percentage of 24h total RR interval (PNN50) in two groups,P＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01.Compared with nifedipine group after treatment,there were significant reductions in 24hmHR [ (69.24 ± 10.67) beats/min vs.(64.08 ± 8.94) beats/min] and MAP [ (98.06 ± 5.18) mmHg vs.(92.64 ± 4.43) mmHg,P＜0.01 all],and significant rise in SDNN [ (113.89 ± 20.93) ms vs.(124.57 ± 25.34) ms,P＜0.05],SDANN [ (108.31 ± 20.26) ms vs.(119.29 ± 19.37) ms,P＝0.001],rMSSD [ (29.67 ± 11.92) ms vs.(36.23 ± 12.34) ms,P＝0.001] and PNN50 [ (11.25 ± 4.03)% vs.(15.37 ± 4.82)%,P＝0.001] in combined treatment group.There was no significant difference in total effective rate between two groups,P＝ 0.272.Conclusion:Nifedipine combined Metoprolol sustained release tablets possesses significant therapeutic effect on hypertensive patients with CHD.It can effectively control heart rate and blood pressure,and contribute to improving HRV and prognosis,which is worth extending.

Protective effect of amlodipine combined enalapril antihypertension on renal function in aged EH +CHD patients / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective:To study influence of amlodipine combined enalapril antihypertensive therapy on renal function in aged patients with essential hypertension (EH) complicated coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods:A total of 120 aged EH + CHD patients in our hospital from Feb 2014 to Apr 2016 were enrolled.Patients were randomly and equally divided into amlodipine group,enalapril group and combined treatment group (received amlodipine com-bined enalapril treatment ),all groups were treated for 12 weeks.Total effective rate,standard-reaching condition of blood pressure,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER),levels of serum creatinine (Scr),cystatin C (CysC) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) before and after treatment,and incidence of adverse reactions were measured and com-pared among three groups.Results:There was no significant difference in total effective rate among three groups,P＝0.139.Compared with amlodipine group and enalapril group,there was significant reduction in standard-reaching time of blood pressure [ (10.84 ± 2.79) months vs.(10.75 ± 3.31) months vs.(8.20 ± 1.46) months] in com-bined treatment group,P＝0.001 all.Compared with before treatment,after 12-week treatment,there were sig-nificant reductions in UAER,levels of Scr,serum CysC and BUN in amlodipine group and combined treatment group,P＜0.05 or ＜ 0.01;compared with amlodipine group and enalapril group after 12-week treatment,there were significant reductions in UAER [(130.55 ± 12.72) μg/min vs.(135.63 ± 17.64) μg/min vs.(112.25 ± 13.34) μg/min],levels of Scr [ (79.32 ± 6.13) μmol/L vs.(80.25 ± 5.97) μmol/L vs.(68.04 ± 5.56) μmol/L],serum CysC [ (1.14 ± 0.23) mg/L vs.(1.21 ± 0.26) mg/L vs.(0.76 ± 0.17) mg/L] and BUN [ (5.16 ± 1.13) mmol/L vs.(5.79 ± 1.03) mmol/L vs.(4.23 ± 0.56) mmol/L] in combined treatment group,and BUN level of amlodip-ine group was significantly lower than that of enalapril group,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01.There was no significant differ-ence in incidence rate of adverse reactions during treatment among three groups,P＝0.757.Conclusion:Small dose amlodipine combined enalapril is effective on controlling blood pressure in aged EH + CHD patients.Compared with monotherapy,it possesses better protection on renal function with high safety,which is worth extending.

Effect of oxidative stress on periprosthetic osteolysis induced by TCP wear particles in mouse calvaria and its mechanism / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of oxidative stress on periprosthetic osteolysis induced by TCP wear particles in mouse calvaria and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six male ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups (=12):sham group, TCP wear particles (TCP) group and N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) group. Aperiprosthetic osteolysis model in mouse was established by implanting 30 mg of TCP wear particles onto the surface of bilateral parietal bones following removal of the periosteum. On the 2nd day post-operation, NAC (1.0 mg/kg) was locally injected to the calvarium under the periosteum every other day for 2 weeks. Then, all the mice were sacrificed to obtain blood and the calvaria. Periprosthetic osteolysis in the mouse calvaria was observed by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining; serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6); total anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were examined by ELISA and chemical colorimetry, respectively; protein levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-PERK (p-PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and phospho-eIF2α (p-eIF2α) in periprosthetic bone tissue were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Compared with sham group, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and osteolysis area were increased obviously in TCP group (<0.05), and serum level of T-AOC and SOD activity were decreased significantly in TCP group (<0.05), GRP78 expression, the ratio of p-PERK and PERK, p-eIF2α and eIF2α in the mouse calvaria of TCP group were up-regulated markedly. Compared with TCP group, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and osteolysis area were decreased markedly in NAC group (<0.05), serum level of T-AOC and SOD activity were increased obviously in NAC group (<0.05), and GRP78 expression, the ratio of p-PERK/PERK and p-eIF2α/eIF2α were obviously down-regulated.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Inhibition of oxidative stress can prevent periprosthetic osteolysis induced by TCP wear particles, which may be mediated by inactivation of PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway.

Correlation of angiopoietin-1 with angiogenesis during scar formation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: There are many studies on the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and scar,but the correlation between angiopoietin-1 and scar is rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of angiopoietin-1 and its correlation with angiogenesis during scar formation.METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits irrespective of gender were enrolled, and the scar models were established at the ear ventral center. The scar tissue and normal ear ventral tissue were removed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after epithelialization. The morphology of scar formation was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, changes of angiogenesis during scar formation were observed through immunohistochemical staining of CD34, and the expression level of angiopoietin-1 was detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression level of angiopoietin-1 in the scar tissue was increased firstly, peaked at 2 weeks after epithelialization, then decreased gradually, and the lowest at 12 weeks close to the normal value. The number of microvessels was the highest at 4 weeks after epithelialization and then decreased gradually. The number of mature vessels was on a rise. Number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels tended to be increased. The expression of angiopoietin-1 was correlated negatively with the number of mature vessels, and number of mature vessels/total number of microvessels during scar formation (P < 0.05). To conclude, angiopoietin-1 may play an important role in angiogenesis during scar formation.

Optimum Detection Method for the Key Indicators of Authenticity for Rhaponticin Identification in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma Based on 2015 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a simple and specific method for the determination of rhaponticin in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Methods A comparison of the methods of polyamide, silica gel TLC and HPLC in the determination of rhaponticin was studied to investigate the optimum way to identify authentic Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. Results The durability of polyamide and silica gel TLC method for the determination of rhaponticin in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma was poor. HPLC method was more suitable for the detection of rhaponticin. Conclusion HPLC method is accurate and reliable, and can be used for the quality control of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and provide references for the authenticity of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma.

Restoration of E-cadherin by compound 8J protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by attenuating inflammation and programmed cell death / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE E-cadherin is a major component of tubular adherent proteins which maintain intercellular contacts and cell polarity in epithelial tissue, it is involved in the pathological process of renal cell carcinoma and fibrotic diseases via epithelial- mesenchymal transition. Although we and others found that expression of E-cadherin was significantly down-regulated in kidney suffered acute kidney injury (AKI), its function in AKI was still unknown, which was explored in the current study. METHODS We disrupted E-cadherin or restored E-cadherin with compound 8J in cisplatin-stimulated tubular epithelial cell lines, the cell damage and inflammation were evaluated, additionally, the thera?peutic potential of E-cadherin restoration was also determined in vivo. RESULTS We found that cisplatin reduced E-cadherin expression both in mouse kidney and tubular epithelial cell lines (mTECs). Adminis?tration of compound 8J restored the level of E-cadherin, thereby increased cell viability while attenuating programmed cell death, which may be mediated by deactivation of RIPK/MLKL axis, reduced membrane translocation of phosphor-MLKL and decreased cleavage of caspase 3. Compound 8J also suppressed inflammatory response in cisplatin- treated mTECs, which was correlated with suppressed NF- κB phorsphorylation and promoter activity. In contrast, disruption of E-cadherin enhanced cell damage and inflammation. Treatment of compound 8J failed to further attenuate kidney damage in E- cadherin knockdown cells, indicating compound 8J protected against mTECs mainly through restoring E-cadherin. We also found that peritoneal injection of compound 8J protected against renal function and tubular damage by preventing NF-κB-driven renal inflammation and RIPK/MLKL-regulated programmed cell death, which was led by restoration of E-cadherin in cisplatin nephropathy. CONCLUSION More than a victim degraded after kidney injury, E-cadherin also has functional role in controlling tubule integrity, programmed cell death and renal inflammation. In this regard, restoration of E-cadherin by compound 8J should be considered as a novel therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury.

Decitabine Enhances the Sensitivity of Leukemia Stem Cell to Allo-NK Cell-Mediated Killing / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the allo-NK cell-mediated killing effect enhanced by decitabine on leukemia stem cells(LSC) and the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LSC were separated from KG1a cells by using immunomagnetic beads. Allo-NK cells were isolated and purified from PBMC of healthy donors. Cytotoxicity of allo-NK cells against LSC were measured by LDH releasing assay. The apoptosis induced by allo-NK cells in LSC and the expressions of NKG2D ligands including MICA/B and ULBP1-3 on LSC were detected by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The killing rate of allo-NK cells to LSC treated with 10 µmol/L decitabine for 24 hours was significant higher than that to LSC without treatment(60.52%±3.52% vs 22.08%±2.07%, 73.93%±2.33% vs 28. 99%±3.13%, 83.08%±1.32% vs 36.44%±2.40%, respectively)at the effector-target ratios of 5:1, 10:1, 20:1 (P<0.05). At the effector-target ratio of 10:1, decitabine significantly enhanced the apoptosis of LSC induced by allo-NK cells (7.84%±0.34% vs 3.33%±0.64%)(P<0.05). The expressions of NKG2D ligands(MICA/B,ULBP1,ULBP2,ULBP3) on LSC treated with decitabine 10 µmol/L for 24 hours were significantly increased (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decitabine may enhance the allo-NK cell-mediated killing effects on LSC by up-regulation of the expressions of NKG2D ligands on LSC.</p>

Flavonoids from Capsella bursa-pastoris and their hepatoprotective activities in vitro

ABSTRACT Two new flavonoids (1 and 2), named 4',7-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-8-prenylflavonoid and 4',7-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-6,8-diprenylflavonoid, together with seven known flavonoids (3–9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik., Brassicaceae, for the first time. The chemical structures of the purified compounds (1–9) were identified by their spectroscopic data and references. Moreover, compounds (1–9) were evaluated for their hepatoprotective activities against D-galactosamine induced toxicity in WB-F344 cells by using a MTT colorimetric method. As a result, compounds 2, 3, 6, and 9 (10 µM) exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activities.

Quantification of amlodipine in human plasma by LC-MS/MS method: elimination of matrix effects by improving chromatographic conditions / 药学学报

A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the quantification of amlodipine in human plasma. The influence of alkalizer, extraction solvent and the chromatographic conditions on the matrix effects was investigated. The stable isotope-labeled amlodipine (amlodipine-d4) was used as an internal standard. Sample preparation involved simple liquid-liquid extraction procedure using methyl tertiary butyl ether. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Welch Ultimate XB-C18(100 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm) column with acetonitrile/2 mmol·L-1 ammonium formate (pH 3.0) under gradient condition at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min-1. Detection was performed using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The linear range of the analyte was 0.1-20.0 μg·L-1, with the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 0.1 μg·L-1. The matrix factor for low, medium, high concentration quality control samples and internal standard was (93.9±1.8)%, (95.8±4.9)%, (93.9±1.5)% and (97.9±5.3)%, respectively. The method showed excellent specificity, linearity, intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision, extraction recovery and stability, according to the CFDA guidance for bioanalytical method validation. The matrix effect was significantly improved through optimizing the chromatographic conditions. This economical, simple, robust, sensitive and specific method is entirely able to meet the requirement of the determination of amlodipine in human plasma samples obtained from bioequivalence studies.